中美關係惡化》彭斯究竟說了什麼?美國副總統彭斯演說全文(中英對照)

肯(哈德遜研究所總裁兼首席執行官Kenneth R. Weinstein),感謝你的介紹。尊敬的各位理事,白邦瑞博士(Dr. Michael Pillsbury)、各位尊敬的嘉賓以及「以非傳統方式思考未來」的在座各位,能來哈德遜研究所演講是我的榮幸。

Thank you, Ken, for that kind introduction. To the Members of the Board of Trustees, to Dr. Michael Pillsbury, to our distinguished guests, and to all of you who, true to your mission in this place, 「think about the future in unconventional ways」 — it is an honor to be back at the Hudson Institute.

大約半個世紀以來,哈德遜研究所致力於「增進全球安全、繁榮與自由」。儘管哈德遜研究所的領導者多年來不斷更替,不過有一件事從未改變:你們總是在尋求真相,美國的領導力照耀著前進的道路」。

For more than a half a century, this Institute has dedicated itself to 「advancing global security, prosperity, and freedom.」 And while Hudson’s hometowns have changed over the years, one thing has been constant: You have always advanced that vital truth, that American leadership lights the way.

談到領導力,今天請讓我捎來在國內外發揮強大領導力的捍衛者—第45位美國總統唐納德·川普的問候。(掌聲)

And today, speaking of leadership, allow me to begin by bringing greetings from a great champion of American leadership at home and abroad — I bring greetings from the 45th President of the United States of America, President Donald Trump. (Applause.)

川普總統上任伊始,就非常重視與中國和中國國家主席習近平的關係。去年4月6日,川普總統在海湖莊園與習主席會面。去年11月8日,川普總統也前往北京,接受中國領導人的熱情款待。

From early in this administration, President Trump has made our relationship with China and President Xi a priority. On April 6th of last year, President Trump welcomed President Xi to Mar—a—Lago. On November 8th of last year, President Trump traveled to Beijing, where China’s leader welcomed him warmly.

在過去的兩年裡,我們的總統與中華人民共和國的國家主席建立了穩固的個人關係,他們密切合作、推進共同利益,其中最重要的就是推進朝鮮半島的去核化。

Over the course of the past two years, our President has forged a strong personal relationship with the President of the People’s Republic of China, and they’ve worked closely on issues of common interest, most importantly the denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula.

我今天來此拜訪,是因為美國人民應該要知道這一點,就在此時此刻,北京當局正在動用所有政府的手段,利用政治、經濟、軍事與各種宣傳,在美國推進其影響力並且追逐利益。

But I come before you today because the American people deserve to know that, as we speak, Beijing is employing a whole—of—government approach, using political, economic, and military tools, as well as propaganda, to advance its influence and benefit its interests in the United States.

中國運用其力量的方式,比起過去任何時候都要更加積極,藉以影響並干預美國的國內政策和政治。

China is also applying this power in more proactive ways than ever before, to exert influence and interfere in the domestic policy and politics of this country.

在川普總統的領導下,美國以堅決的行動對中國展開回擊,這些作法所服膺的原則和政策,也是我們政府長久以來所倡議的。

Under President Trump’s leadership, the United States has taken decisive action to respond to China with American action, applying the principles and the policies long advocated in these halls.

川普總統去年12月公佈的《國家安全戰略》中,談到了「大國競賽」的新時代。外國開始「重塑他們在區域和全球的影響力」、「挑戰(美國的)地緣政治優勢,並試圖為了他們的利益(在本質上)改變國際秩序」。

In our National Security Strategy that the President Trump released last December, he described a new era of 「great power competition.」 Foreign nations have begun to, as we wrote, 「reassert their influence regionally and globally,」 and they are 「contesting [America’s] geopolitical advantages and trying [in essence] to change the international order in their favor.」

在這項戰略中,川普總統明確表示,美國對中國已經採取了新的政策。我們尋求一種公平、對等以及相互尊重主權的關係,我們也已經開始採取迅速有力的行動來達成這個目標。

In this strategy, President Trump made clear that the United States of America has adopted a new approach to China. We seek a relationship grounded in fairness, reciprocity, and respect for sovereignty, and we have taken strong and swift action to achieve that goal.

川普總統去年在訪問中國期間表示,「我們有機會加强兩國的關係,並且改善兩國人民的生活」。我們對未來的願景建立在過去的最佳時期,那時美中兩國以公開和友善的態度互相接觸。

As the President said last year on his visit to China, in his words, 「we have an opportunity to strengthen the relationship between our two countries and improve the lives of our citizens.」 Our vision of the future is built on the best parts of our past, when America and China reached out to one another in a spirit of openness and friendship.

在獨立戰爭之後,我們新生的國家正在尋求新的出口市場,中國人當時對帶著滿載人參和皮毛而來的美國商人敞開了大門。

When our young nation went searching in the wake of the Revolutionary War for new markets for our exports, the Chinese people welcomed American traders laden with ginseng and fur.

當中國經受「百年恥辱」之際,美國拒絕加入輕侮與剝削之列,並主張「門戶開放」政策,我們能夠與中國進行更自由的貿易,也能維持他們的主權。

When China suffered through indignities and exploitations during her so—called 「Century of Humiliation,」 America refused to join in, and advocated the 「Open Door」 policy, so that we could have freer trade with China, and preserve their sovereignty.

當美國的傳教士為中國沿岸省分帶來福音,他們被古老的文化與充滿活力的人民所深深感動。傳教士們不僅傳播了信仰,還創立了中國一些最早和最優秀的大學。

When American missionaries brought the good news to China’s shores, they were moved by the rich culture of an ancient and vibrant people. And not only did they spread their faith, but those same missionaries founded some of China’s first and finest universities.

當第二次世界大戰爆發,中美成為盟國,共同對抗帝國主義。在二戰結束後,美國確保中國成為聯合國的創始國,也成為戰後世界的一股重要力量。

When the Second World War arose, we stood together as allies in the fight against imperialism. And in that war’s aftermath, America ensured that China became a charter member of the United Nations, and a great shaper of the post—war world.

但是,中國共產黨在1949年奪權之後,開始追求專制擴張主義。難以想像5年之前,中美兩國還曾經並肩作戰,5年之後,我們卻在朝鮮半島的山區和峽谷中彼此對抗。我的父親也參與了那場自由之戰。

But soon after it took power in 1949, the Chinese Communist Party began to pursue authoritarian expansionism. It is remarkable to think that only five years after our nations had fought together, we fought each other in the mountains and valleys of the Korean Peninsula. My own father saw combat on that frontier of freedom.

然而,甚至殘酷的朝鮮戰爭都沒能磨滅我們恢復人民之間長期紐帶的共同願望。中國與美國的隔離在1972年結束,之後不久,我們恢復了外交關係並開始經貿往來,美國大學也開始培訓新一代的中國工程師、商業領袖、學者和官員。

But not even the brutal Korean War could diminish our mutual desire to restore the ties that for so long had bound our peoples together. China’s estrangement from the United States ended in 1972, and, soon after, we re—established diplomatic relations and began to open our economies to one another, and American universities began training a new generation of Chinese engineers, business leaders, scholars, and officials.

蘇聯垮台之後,我們認為中國終將自由。帶著這份樂觀,美國在21世紀前夕向中國敞開大門,將中國帶進世界貿易組織

After the fall of the Soviet Union, we assumed that a free China was inevitable. Heady with optimism at the turn of the 21st Century, America agreed to give Beijing open access to our economy, and we brought China into the World Trade Organization.

過去的美國政府做出這個選擇,是希望中國的自由會延伸到各個領域—不僅僅是經濟上,更是政治上,希望中國尊重自由主義原則、尊重私人財產、個人自由和宗教自由,尊重人權—與所有領域的人權。但是這個希望終究落空。

Previous administrations made this choice in the hope that freedom in China would expand in all of its forms —– not just economically, but politically, with a newfound respect for classical liberal principles, private property, personal liberty, religious freedom — the entire family of human rights. But that hope has gone unfulfilled.

中國人民的自由之夢依舊落空。北京只在口頭上說「改革開放」,然而這項鄧小平的著名政策早已有名無實。

The dream of freedom remains distant for the Chinese people. And while Beijing still pays lip service to 「reform and opening,」 Deng Xiaoping’s famous policy now rings hollow.

過去17年,中國的GDP增長9倍,成為世界第二大經濟體。這大部分得益於美國對中國的投資。中國共產黨也運用了與自由公平貿易有違的一系列政策,包括關稅、配額、貨幣操縱、強制技術轉移、偷竊智慧財產權與工業補貼。這些政策打下了中國製造業的地基,卻是以競爭對手的利益為代價—尤其是美國。

Over the past 17 years, China’s GDP has grown nine—fold; it’s become the second—largest economy in the world. Much of this success was driven by American investment in China. And the Chinese Communist Party has also used an arsenal of policies inconsistent with free and fair trade, including tariffs, quotas, currency manipulation, forced technology transfer, intellectual property theft, and industrial subsidies that are handed out like candy to foreign investment. These policies have built Beijing’s manufacturing base, at the expense of its competitors — especially the United States of America.

中國的做法為美國帶來了巨大貿易赤字,去年這個數字是3750億美元,幾乎占我們全球貿易赤字的一半。就像川普總統本周說的,過去25年,「是我們重建了中國」。

China’s actions have contributed to a trade deficit with the United States that last year ran to $375 billion –— nearly half of our global trade deficit. As President Trump said just this week, in his words, 「We rebuilt China」 over the last 25 years.

通過「中國製造2025」,中國共產黨試圖控制全世界90%的尖端工業,包括機器人、生物科技和人工智慧。為了贏得21世紀經濟的領導權,北京指示其官員和商界,以任何方式獲取美國的智慧財產權。這是我們經濟領導力的基石。

Now, through the 「Made in China 2025」 plan, the Communist Party has set its sights on controlling 90 percent of the world’s most advanced industries, including robotics, biotechnology, and artificial intelligence. To win the commanding heights of the 21st century economy, Beijing has directed its bureaucrats and businesses to obtain American intellectual property –— the foundation of our economic leadership —– by any means necessary.

很多想在中國做生意的美國公司,都被北京要求交出商業秘密,甚至要他們支持對美國公司的併購,以獲取他們的創意。最可怕的是,中國安全機構掌握了大量竊取美國科技的能力—包括最先進的軍事技術。使用這些偷來的技術,中共正大規模地化犁為劍。

Beijing now requires many American businesses to hand over their trade secrets as the cost of doing business in China. It also coordinates and sponsors the acquisition of American firms to gain ownership of their creations. Worst of all, Chinese security agencies have masterminded the wholesale theft of American technology –— including cutting—edge military blueprints. And using that stolen technology, the Chinese Communist Party is turning plowshares into swords on a massive scale.

中國的軍費是亞洲其他所有國家的總和,在陸、海、空、乃至外太空,北京將抗衡美國軍力作為首要任務。中國希望就是將美國趕出西太平洋,阻止我們援助盟邦。但是他們不會成功。

China now spends as much on its military as the rest of Asia combined, and Beijing has prioritized capabilities to erode America’s military advantages on land, at sea, in the air, and in space. China wants nothing less than to push the United States of America from the Western Pacific and attempt to prevent us from coming to the aid of our allies. But they will fail.

北京運用力量的方式可說前所未有。中國公務船經常在由日本管理的尖閣列島(編按:釣魚台列嶼)附近巡邏。儘管中國領導人2015年在白宮玫瑰園裡說他的國家「無意將南海軍事化」,時至今日,北京在人造島礁上的軍事基地裡,卻部署了先進的反艦和防空飛彈。

Beijing is also using its power like never before. Chinese ships routinely patrol around the Senkaku Islands, which are administered by Japan. And while China’s leader stood in the Rose Garden at the White House in 2015 and said that his country had, and I quote, 「no intention to militarize」 the South China Sea, today, Beijing has deployed advanced anti—ship and anti—air missiles atop an archipelago of military bases constructed on artificial islands.

中國的侵略性這個星期表露無遺,一艘中國軍艦(編按:蘭州號)逼近在南海進行自由航行的美國「迪凱特號」驅逐艦,兩艦相距不到45碼(編按:約41公尺),迫使我方軍艦迅速迴避、以免碰撞。儘管受到這樣魯莽的騷擾,美國海軍將在國際法允許的範圍內、在我們國家利益的要求下,繼續飛越、航行和運作。我們不會被嚇倒;我們不會退縮。(掌聲)

China’s aggression was on display this week, when a Chinese naval vessel came within 45 yards of the USS Decatur as it conducted freedom—of—navigation operations in the South China Sea, forcing our ship to quickly maneuver to avoid collision. Despite such reckless harassment, the United States Navy will continue to fly, sail, and operate wherever international law allows and our national interests demand. We will not be intimidated and we will not stand down. (Applause.)

美國曾希望經濟自由化,將讓中國與我們和世界建立起更好的伙夥伴係。事與願違,中國選擇了經濟侵略,這又讓中國不斷擴大的軍隊壯了膽氣。

America had hoped that economic liberalization would bring China into a greater partnership with us and with the world. Instead, China has chosen economic aggression, which has in turn emboldened its growing military.

北京也沒有像我們所希望的那樣,讓人民擁有更多自由。曾有一段時間,北京逐漸走向更多自由、對人權給予更多尊重。然而這幾年,中國卻朝著控制和壓迫人民的方向轉了一個髮夾彎。

Nor, as we had hoped, has Beijing moved toward greater freedom for its own people. For a time, Beijing inched toward greater liberty and respect for human rights. But in recent years, China has taken a sharp U—turn toward control and oppression of its own people.

如今,中國已經建立了前所未有的監控國家,而且範圍越來越廣,越來越具侵入性—其所使用的還經常是美國的科技。他們所說的「中國網路長城」也越築越高,嚴重限制了中國人民的資訊自由流通。

Today, China has built an unparalleled surveillance state, and it’s growing more expansive and intrusive – often with the help of U.S. technology. What they call the 「Great Firewall of China」 likewise grows higher, drastically restricting the free flow of information to the Chinese people.

在2020年之前,中國的統治者試圖實現一套奧威爾式(編按:英國作家喬治・歐威爾,著有小說《1984》)的系統,也就是所謂的「社會信用分數」,這幾乎控制人們生活的所有方面。用這項計畫的官方宣傳來說,這套系統「讓守信者暢行天下,讓失信者寸步難行。」

And by 2020, China’s rulers aim to implement an Orwellian system premised on controlling virtually every facet of human life — the so—called 「Social Credit Score.」 In the words of that program’s official blueprint, it will 「allow the trustworthy to roam everywhere under heaven, while making it hard for the discredited to take a single step.」

說到宗教自由,中國的基督徒、佛教徒和穆斯林正在承受新一波迫害浪潮。

And when it comes to religious freedom, a new wave of persecution is crashing down on Chinese Christians, Buddhists, and Muslims.

北京上個月關閉了中國最大的地下教會之一。在全國各地,政府拆毀十字架、焚燒聖經、監禁信徒。北京如今還跟梵蒂岡達成協議,公開宣示無神論的共產黨,竟可直接影響任命主教。對中國的基督徒來說,這是絕望的時刻。

Last month, Beijing shut down one of China’s largest underground churches. Across the country, authorities are tearing down crosses, burning bibles, and imprisoning believers. And Beijing has now reached a deal with the Vatican that gives the avowedly atheist Communist Party a direct role in appointing Catholic bishops. For China’s Christians, these are desperate times.

北京也在打壓佛教。過去10年來,為了抗議中國壓制他們的信仰和文化,超過150名喇嘛選擇自焚。在新疆,上百萬維吾爾穆斯林被中共關押在政府機構內。他們在那裡日夜不停接受洗腦。集中營的倖存者說,北京蓄意要扼殺維吾爾文化,並且消滅穆斯林信仰。

Beijing is also cracking down on Buddhism. Over the past decade, more than 150 Tibetan Buddhist monks have lit themselves on fire to protest China’s repression of their beliefs and their culture. And in Xinjiang, the Communist Party has imprisoned as many as one million Muslim Uyghurs in government camps where they endure around—the—clock brainwashing. Survivors of the camps have described their experiences as a deliberate attempt by Beijing to strangle Uyghur culture and stamp out the Muslim faith.

如同歷史所證明的,那些壓迫人民的國家很少會有底限。北京更試圖將勢力擴展到世界各地。正如哈德遜研究所的白邦瑞博士所寫,「中國反對美國政府的行動和目標。實際上,中國正在與美國的盟友和敵人建立關係,這與任何和平或積極的北京意圖都背道而馳。”」

As history attests though, a country that oppresses its own people rarely stops there. And Beijing also aims to extend its reach across the wider world. As Hudson’s own Dr. Michael Pillsbury has written, 「China has opposed the actions and goals of the U.S. government. Indeed, China is building its own relationships with America’s allies and enemies that contradict any peaceful or productive intentions of Beijing.」

事實上,中國用所謂的「債務外交」擴大其影響力。中國如今為亞洲、非洲、歐洲甚至拉丁美洲的政府,提供數千億美元的基礎建設貸款。但這些貸款的條款就算是好的也不透明,而且帶來的利益幾乎全部流向北京。

In fact, China uses so—called 「debt diplomacy」 to expand its influence. Today, that country is offering hundreds of billions of dollars in infrastructure loans to governments from Asia to Africa to Europe and even Latin America. Yet the terms of those loans are opaque at best, and the benefits invariably flow overwhelmingly to Beijing.

問問斯里蘭卡吧,他們借了鉅額債務,讓中國國企建造商業價值相當可疑的港口。兩年前斯里蘭卡無力償還貸款,於是北京迫使斯里蘭卡將新建的港口交到中國手裡。這個港口可能很快就會成為中國藍水海軍的前線基地了。

Just ask Sri Lanka, which took on massive debt to let Chinese state companies build a port of questionable commercial value. Two years ago, that country could no longer afford its payments, so Beijing pressured Sri Lanka to deliver the new port directly into Chinese hands. It may soon become a forward military base for China’s growing blue—water navy.

在我們所處的西半球,北京向委內瑞拉腐敗無能的馬杜羅政權拋出了救生索,承諾提供50億美元的貸款、還可用石油償還。中國是該國最大的單一債權人,委內瑞拉人民背上了超過500億美元的債務。對於承諾配合中國戰略目標的政黨和候選人,北京也直接提供支持,藉以影響這些國家的政治。

Within our own hemisphere, Beijing has extended a lifeline to the corrupt and incompetent Maduro regime in Venezuela that’s been oppressing its own people. They pledged $5 billion in questionable loans to be repaid with oil. China is also that country’s single largest creditor, saddling the Venezuelan people with more than $50 billion in debt, even as their democracy vanishes. Beijing is also impacting some nations’ politics by providing direct support to parties and candidates who promise to accommodate China’s strategic objectives.

自去年以來,中國共產黨說服了三個拉丁美洲國家與台灣斷交,轉而承認北京。這些行動威脅到台海穩定—美利堅合眾國對此予以譴責。儘管我們政府將遵守三個聯合公報和《台灣關係法》所反映的一個中國政策,美國始終相信,台灣擁抱民主為所有華人指出了一條更好的道路。(掌聲)

And since last year alone, the Chinese Communist Party has convinced three Latin American nations to sever ties with Taipei and recognize Beijing. These actions threaten the stability of the Taiwan Strait, and the United States of America condemns these actions. And while our administration will continue to respect our One China Policy, as reflected in the three joint communiqués and the Taiwan Relations Act, America will always believe that Taiwan’s embrace of democracy shows a better path for all the Chinese people. (Applause.)

這只是中國試圖在世界各地推動其戰略利益的幾種方式而已。然而,過去我們的政府忽視了中國的行動。在很多情況下,他們甚至助長了中國。但是,這樣的日子已經結束了。

Now these are only a few of the ways that China has sought to advance its strategic interests across the world, with growing intensity and sophistication. Yet previous administrations all but ignored China’s actions. And in many cases, they abetted them. But those days are over.

在川普總統的領導下,美利堅合眾國一直在以更為煥發的美國力量來捍衛我們的利益。

Under President Trump’s leadership, the United States of America has been defending our interests with renewed American strength.

我們正在讓史上最強大的軍隊更為強大。今年稍早,川普總統簽署法律,讓我們的國防經費有了雷根總統時代以來最大的成長,撥款7160億美元,以加強美軍在各個領域的實力。

We’ve been making the strongest military in the history of the world stronger still. Earlier this year, President Trump signed into law the largest increase in our national defense since the days of Ronald Reagan —– $716 billion to extend the strength of the American military to every domain.

我們正在把我們的核武庫現代化。我們正在部署和開發新的先進戰鬥機和轟炸機。我們正在建造新一代航空母艦和戰艦。我們對美軍的投資是前所未有的。這包括啟動建立美國太空軍的進程,確保我們在太空的主宰地位能夠持續下去。我們已經採取行動,授權加強在網路世界的能力,針對我們的對手打造具有威懾性的力量。

We’re modernizing our nuclear arsenal. We’re fielding and developing new cutting—edge fighters and bombers. We’re building a new generation of aircraft carriers and warships. We’re investing as never before in our armed forces. And this includes initiating the process to establish the United States Space Force to ensure our continued dominance in space, and we’ve taken action to authorize increased capability in the cyber world to build deterrence against our adversaries.

在川普總統的指示下,我們落實了針對2500億美元中國產品的關稅,最高額的關稅尤其針對北京想要佔領的先進產業。總統也明確表示,我們還會徵收更多的關稅,甚至可能大幅增加數額到兩倍以上,除非我們與中國達成公平與對等的協議。(掌聲)

At President Trump’s direction, we’re also implementing tariffs on $250 billion in Chinese goods, with the highest tariffs specifically targeting the advanced industries that Beijing is trying to capture and control. And as the President has also made clear, we will levy even more tariffs, with the possibility of substantially more than doubling that number, unless a fair and reciprocal deal is made. (Applause.)

這些舉措動用了美國的實力,也造成了重大影響。中國最大的股市在今年前9個月下跌25%,大部分原因是美國政府對北京的貿易行為採取了堅定立場。

These actions — exercises in American strength — have had a major impact. China’s largest stock exchange fell by 25 percent in the first nine months of this year, in large part because our administration has been standing strong against Beijing’s trade practices.

正如川普總統所明確表示的,我們不希望中國的市場受到影響。事實上,我們希望他們的市場更為繁榮。但是,美國希望北京尋求自由、公平和對等的貿易政策。我們也會繼續堅持要求他們這麼做。(掌聲)

As President Trump has made clear, we don’t want China’s markets to suffer. In fact, we want them to thrive. But the United States wants Beijing to pursue trade policies that are free, fair, and reciprocal. And we will continue to stand and demand that they do. (Applause.)

可悲的是,中國的統治者截至目前,依舊不願走上那條路。美國人民應當知道:為了回應川普總統所採取的強硬立場,北京正在推動一場經過規劃的全面性運動,藉以破壞對於總統、我們的計畫和我們國家最受珍視的理想的支持。

Sadly, China’s rulers, thus far, have refused to take that path. The American people deserve to know: In response to the strong stand that President Trump has taken, Beijing is pursuing a comprehensive and coordinated campaign to undermine support for the President, our agenda, and our nation’s most cherished ideals.

今天我想告訴你們的是,我們所了解的中國在美國國內所採取的行動,有些是來自我們的情報評估,有些甚至已經公開。不過這一切都確有其事。

I want to tell you today what we know about China’s actions here at home — some of which we’ve gleaned from intelligence assessments, some of which are publicly available. But all of which are fact.

就像我剛才說的,就在我們進行討論之際,北京正在動用整個政府的力量來增加他們的影響力,並且謀取其利益。北京以更積極與具脅迫性的方式來使用這種力量,藉以干涉美國的國內政策和政治。

As I said before, as we speak, Beijing is employing a whole—of—government approach to advance its influence and benefit its interests. It’s employing this power in more proactive and coercive ways to interfere in the domestic policies of this country and to interfere in the politics of the United States.

今天,中國共產黨正在獎勵或脅迫美國商界、電影製片廠、大學、智庫、學者、記者、地方、州和聯邦政府官員。

The Chinese Communist Party is rewarding or coercing American businesses, movie studios, universities, think tanks, scholars, journalists, and local, state, and federal officials.

最惡劣的是,中國啟動了前所未有的行動,企圖影響美國輿論、2018年選舉,還有2020年總統大選前的氛圍。坦白說,川普總統的領導正在發揮效果;而中國希望美國換個總統。

And worst of all, China has initiated an unprecedented effort to influence American public opinion, the 2018 elections, and the environment leading into the 2020 presidential elections. To put it bluntly, President Trump’s leadership is working; and China wants a different American President.

毫無疑問,中國正在干涉美國的民主運作。就像川普總統上個星期所說的那樣,我們“發現中國在試圖干預我們今年即將舉行的期中選舉。” 

There can be no doubt: China is meddling in America’s democracy. As President Trump said just last week, we have, in his words, 「found that China has been attempting to interfere in our upcoming [midterm] election[s].」

我們的情報界表示,「中國正在瞄準美國各州和地方政府和官員,利用聯邦與地方政府在政策上的分歧。中國正在利用一些可能引起對立的議題,如貿易關稅問題,藉以推動北京的政治影響力。”

Our intelligence community says that 「China is targeting U.S. state and local governments and officials to exploit any divisions between federal and local levels on policy. It’s using wedge issues, like trade tariffs, to advance Beijing’s political influence.」

今年6月,北京發出了一份名為「宣傳與審查通知」的敏感文件。中國政府在這份文件裡提出了它的戰略,用該通知的話說,中國在美國國內「必須謹慎準確的出擊,分化當地的各個組織」。

In June, Beijing itself circulated a sensitive document, entitled 「Propaganda and Censorship Notice.」 It laid out its strategy. It stated that China must, in their words, 「strike accurately and carefully, splitting apart different domestic groups」 in the United States of America.

為了達到這個目的,北京調派在檯面下的秘密人員、前線組織與宣傳機構來改變美國人對中國政策的看法。我們情報界一位資深官員最近告訴我,跟中國目前在美國各地的所作所為相比,俄羅斯做的那些事根本沒什麼大不了。

To that end, Beijing has mobilized covert actors, front groups, and propaganda outlets to shift Americans’ perception of Chinese policy. As a senior career member of our intelligence community told me just this week, what the Russians are doing pales in comparison to what China is doing across this country. And the American people deserve to know it.

美國商界領袖要是想維持他們在中國的公司營運,中國高級官員就會利用這種願望當成籌碼,讓他們譴責美國的貿易行動。最近的一個例子是,他們威脅美國一家大公司說,如果該公司拒絕公開反對美國政府的政策,就不批准他們在中國的營業執照。

Senior Chinese officials have also tried to influence business leaders to encourage them to condemn our trade actions, leveraging their desire to maintain their operations in China. In one recent example, China threatened to deny a business license for a major U.S. corporation if they refused to speak out against our administration’s policies.

說到影響期中選舉,各位只要看一看北京針對我們的關稅政策提出的反制措施就知道了。北京刻意鎖定可能在2018年選戰中發揮重大作用的行業與那幾州。有人估算,中國選擇打擊的郡超過80%曾在2016年投票支持川普總統;如今,中國希望那些選民掉頭反對我們的政府。

And when it comes to influencing the midterms, you need only look at Beijing’s tariffs in response to ours. The tariffs imposed by China to date specifically targeted industries and states that would play an important role in the 2018 election. By one estimate, more than 80 percent of U.S. counties targeted by China voted for President Trump and I in 2016; now China wants to turn these voters against our administration.

中國也直接向美國選民發出訴求。上個星期,中國政府出資在《得梅因紀事報》刊登了好幾頁的廣告。那份報紙是美國駐中國大使的家鄉州—愛荷華州的大報,愛荷華也是2018期中選舉與2020總統大選的關鍵州。這些廣告的版面設計看起來就像新聞報導,把我們的貿易政策說成是魯莽的,對愛荷華州的人是有害的。

And China is also directly appealing to the American voters. Last week, the Chinese government paid to have a multipage supplement inserted into the Des Moines Register — the paper of record of the home state of our Ambassador to China, and a pivotal state in 2018 and 2020. The supplement, designed to look like the news articles, cast our trade policies as reckless and harmful to Iowans.

幸運的是,美國人不吃這一套。像是美國農場主跟總統站在一起,而且看到川普總統所採取的堅定立場發生實際效果,包括這星期的美國-墨西哥-加拿大協議(USMCA),我們為美國產品確實打開了北美市場。USMCA對美國的農場主和製造業來說,都是重大勝利。(掌聲)

Fortunately, Americans aren’t buying it. For example, American farmers are standing with this President and are seeing real results from the strong stands that he’s taken, including this week’s U.S.—Mexico—Canada Agreement, where we’ve substantially opened North American markets to U.S. products. The USMCA is a great win for American farmers and American manufacturers. (Applause.)

然而中國的行動並不僅止於影響我們的政策和政治。北京也利用他們的經濟槓桿與巨大市場的誘惑力,對美國商業界施加影響。

But China’s actions aren’t focused solely on influencing our policies and politics. Beijing is also taking steps to exploit its economic leverage, and the allure of their large marketplace, to advance its influence over American businesses.

北京現在要求在中國經營的美國合資企業,於公司內部建立他們所說的「黨組織」,讓共產黨在招募人才和投資決策都有發言權—甚至是否決權。

Beijing now requires American joint ventures that operate in China to establish what they call 「party organizations」 within their company, giving the Communist Party a voice — and perhaps a veto — in hiring and investment decisions.

對於將台灣描述為獨特地理實體,或者偏離中國西藏政策的美國公司,都會收到中國當局的威脅。北京迫使達美航空因沒有在網站上將台灣稱為「中國一省」而公開道歉。北京還迫使萬豪酒店解雇了一名只是轉推了一條有關西藏推文的美國僱員。

Chinese authorities have also threatened U.S. companies that depict Taiwan as a distinct geographic entity, or that stray from Chinese policy on Tibet. Beijing compelled Delta Airlines to publicly apologize for not calling Taiwan a 「province of China」 on its website. And it pressured Marriott to fire a U.S. employee who merely liked a tweet about Tibet.

北京常常要求好萊塢只能正面描繪中國。沒有這樣做的製片廠和製片人都受到了懲罰。哪怕只對中國小小批評的電影,很快就會遭到北京審查員的剪輯或取締。影片《殭屍世界大戰》(World War Z)必須刪掉劇本裡提到的一種病毒,因為這種病毒來自中國。影片《赤色黎明》(Red Dawn)利用數位技術進行了修改,把反面人物變成北韓人,而不是中國人。

And Beijing routinely demands that Hollywood portray China in a strictly positive light. It punishes studios and producers that don’t. Beijing’s censors are quick to edit or outlaw movies that criticize China, even in minor ways. For the movie, 「World War Z,」 they had to cut the script’s mention of a virus because it originated in China. The movie, 「Red Dawn」 was digitally edited to make the villains North Korean, not Chinese.

除了工商和娛樂領域之外,中國共產黨還在為美國與世界各地投下數十億美元從事宣傳。

But beyond business and entertainment, the Chinese Communist Party is also spending billions of dollars on propaganda outlets in the United States and, frankly, around the world.

中國國際廣播電台目前在美國30多個電台播放對北京友好的節目,很多電台位於美國大城市。中國國際電視台觸及到7千5百萬美國人,它直接從中國共產黨的主子那裡接受命令。中國最高領導人視察這家電視網路總部時說:「黨和政府主辦的媒體是黨和政府的宣傳陣地,必須姓黨。」

China Radio International now broadcasts Beijing—friendly programs on over 30 U.S. outlets, many in major American cities. The China Global Television Network reaches more than 75 million Americans, and it gets its marching orders directly from its Communist Party masters. As China’s top leader put it during a visit to the network’s headquarters, and I quote, 「The media run by the Party and the government are propaganda fronts and must have the Party as their surname.」

出於這些原因,司法部上個月下令該網站登記為外國代理人。

It’s for those reasons and that reality that, last month, the Department of Justice ordered that network to register as a foreign agent.

那些對問題挖掘太深的美國記者,中國共產黨還威脅並關押他們的中國家人。在《紐約時報》發表了中國某些領導人的財富調查報告之後,中共也封鎖美國媒體的網站,讓記者更不容易獲得簽證。

The Communist Party has also threatened and detained the Chinese family members of American journalists who pry too deep. And it’s blocked the websites of U.S. media organizations and made it harder for our journalists to get visas. This happened after the New York Times published investigative reports about the wealth of some of China’s leaders.

但媒體並非中共試圖營造審查文化的唯一場領。學術界也是一樣。

But the media isn’t the only place where the Chinese Communist Party seeks to foster a culture of censorship. The same is true across academia.

只要看看中國學生學者聯合會就會了解。該組織在美國各地校園有150多個分支。超過43萬名中國人在美國留學,這個團體幫助當中的一部分人組織社會活動,當中國學生和美國學校偏離中共路線,他們就會向中國大使館報告。

I mean, look no further than the Chinese Students and Scholars Association, of which there are more than 150 branches across America’s campuses. These groups help organize social events for some of the more than 430,000 Chinese nationals studying in the United States. They also alert Chinese consulates and embassies when Chinese students, and American schools, stray from the Communist Party line.

在馬里蘭大學,一名中國學生在畢業典禮上談到了「言論自由的清新空氣」。中共官媒立刻加以斥責,中國社交媒體明明受到嚴格控制,她卻成為網路批評風暴的受害者,家人在國內也受到騷擾。對馬里蘭大學本身而言,它與中國的交流計畫原本極為活躍,突然間就變得乏人聞問。

At the University of Maryland, a Chinese student recently spoke at her graduation of what she called, and I quote, the 「fresh air of free speech」 in America. The Communist Party’s official newspaper swiftly chastised her. She became the victim of a firestorm of criticism on China’s tightly—controlled social media, and her family back home was harassed. As for the university itself, its exchange program with China — one of the nation’s most extensive — suddenly turned from a flood to a trickle.

中國也透過其它方式施加學術壓力。北京向大學、智庫和學者慷慨提供資金,希望他們會迴避中共認為危險或冒犯的觀點。中國專家特別清楚,如果他們的研究與北京口徑不一,他們的簽證就會遭到延遲或拒絕。

China exerts academic pressure in other ways, as well. Beijing provides generous funding to universities, think tanks, and scholars, with the understanding that they will avoid ideas that the Communist Party finds dangerous or offensive. China experts in particular know that their visas will be delayed or denied if their research contradicts Beijing’s talking points.

即使避免從中國獲得資助的學者與組織,同樣成為中國的目標。哈德遜研究所也有親身體會。在你們為一位北京不喜歡的講話人主辦講座時,你們的網站遭到來自上海的網路攻擊。你們比大多數人都了解,中共企圖破壞美國今日的學術與言論自由。

And even scholars and groups who avoid Chinese funding are targeted by that country, as the Hudson Institute found out firsthand. After you offered to host a speaker Beijing didn’t like, your website suffered a major cyberattack, originating from Shanghai. The Hudson Institute knows better than most that the Chinese Communist Party is trying to undermine academic freedom and the freedom of speech in America today.

當所有這些行動加在一起,構成了一種不斷增強的努力,其目的就是要讓美國的輿論與公共政策不再由堅持由美國優先的川普總統領導。但是我們向中國統治者發出的訊息是:這位總統不會退縮,(掌聲)美國人民不會動搖。雖然我們希望改善與北京的關係,但我們將繼續堅定地捍衛我們的安全與經濟。

These and other actions, taken as a whole, constitute an intensifying effort to shift American public opinion and policy away from the 「America First」 leadership of President Donald Trump.

But our message to China’s rulers is this: This President will not back down. (Applause.) The American people will not be swayed. And we will continue to stand strong for our security and our economy, even as we hope for improved relations with Beijing.

我們的政府將繼續果斷行動,保護美國的利益、美國的就業和美國的安全。

Our administration is going to continue to act decisively to protect America’s interests, American jobs, and American security.

在我們重建軍隊的同時,我們將繼續維護美國在印太地區的利益。

As we rebuild our military, we will continue to assert American interests across the Indo—Pacific.

在我們回應中國的貿易行動時,我們將繼續要求與中國建立自由、公平和互惠的經濟關係。我們將要求北京打破貿易壁壘、履行義務、全面開放經濟—就像我們開放我們的經濟一樣。

As we respond to China’s trade practices, we will continue to demand an economic relationship with China that is free, fair, and reciprocal. We will demand that Beijing break down its trade barriers, fulfill its obligations, fully open its economy — just as we have opened ours.

我們將繼續對北京採取行動,直到偷竊美國智慧財產權的行為永遠消失。我們將繼續堅定立場,直到中國政府停止強行技術轉讓的掠奪式做法。我們將保護美國企業的私有財產利益。(掌聲)

We’ll continue to take action against Beijing until the theft of American intellectual property ends once and for all. And we will continue to stand strong until Beijing stops the predatory practice of forced technology transfer. We will protect the private property interests of American enterprise. (Applause.)

為了推進我們對自由開放的印度洋-太平洋地區的願景,我們正與從與我們有著共同價值觀的國家建立更牢固的新紐帶,從印度到薩摩亞都包括在內。我們的關係來自對於夥伴的尊重,而非宰制。

And to advance our vision of a free and open Indo—Pacific, we’re building new and stronger bonds with nations that share our values across the region, from India to Samoa. Our relationships will flow from a spirit of respect built on partnership, not domination.

我們正在雙邊的基礎上達成新的貿易協議,就像上個星期川普總統與南韓簽署了經過改善的貿易協議一樣。我們很快也會跟日本開始進行歷史性的雙邊自由貿易談判。(掌聲)

We’re forging new trade deals on a bilateral basis, just as last week President Trump signed an improved trade deal with South Korea. And we will soon begin historic negotiations for a bilateral free—trade deal with Japan. (Applause.)

我很高興向各位報告,我們正在精簡國際發展和金融計畫。我們將提供外國公正、透明的選擇,藉以取代中國的債務陷阱外交。事實上,川普總統這個星期就會簽署《建設法案》(Build Act),使其成為法律。

I’m also pleased to report that we’re streamlining international development and finance programs. We’ll be giving foreign nations a just and transparent alternative to China’s debt—trap diplomacy. In fact, this week, President Trump will sign the BUILD Act into law.

下個月,我將有幸代表美國參加在新加坡舉辦的東協峰會和在巴布亞新幾內亞舉辦的亞太經合論壇。在那裡,我們將公佈新的措施,以支持一個自由開放的印太地區。我將代表總統傳達這樣一個信息:美國對印度洋-太平洋地區的承諾從未如此堅定。(掌聲)

Next month, it will be my privilege to represent the United States in Singapore and Papua New Guinea, at ASEAN and APEC. There, we will unveil new measures and programs to support a free and open Indo—Pacific. And on behalf of the President, I will deliver the message that America’s commitment to the Indo—Pacific has never been stronger. (Applause.)

回在國內,為了保護我們的利益,我們最近加強了外國投資委員會的權力,加強了我們對中國在美投資的審查,以保護我們的國家安全不受中國政府巧取豪奪的影響。

Closer to home, to protect our interests, we’ve recently strengthened CFIUS — the Committee on Foreign Investment — heightening our scrutiny of Chinese investment in America to protect our national security from Beijing’s predatory actions.

說到北京對美國政治和政策的惡意影響和干涉,無論北京採取何種形式,我們都會繼續揭露此事。我們將與社會各界的領導人合作,捍衛我們的國家利益和最重視的理想。美國人民將扮演關鍵性的角色—事實上,他們目前就是。

And when it comes to Beijing’s malign influence and interference in American politics and policy, we will continue to expose it, no matter the form it takes. We will work with leaders at every level of society to defend our national interests and most cherished ideals. The American people will play the decisive role — and, in fact, they already are.

當我們在此齊聚一堂,一項新的共識正在美國形成。越來越多商界領袖考慮的比下一季更多,如果要交出他們的智慧財產權,或是支持北京的壓迫,在選擇進入中國市場前,他們會三思而後行。不過還有更多企業應該這麼做。像是谷歌應該立即停止開發「蜻蜓」APP,這個程式會加強中國共產黨的審查,並損害中國消費者的隱私。(掌聲)

As we gather here, a new consensus is rising across America. More business leaders are thinking beyond the next quarter, and thinking twice before diving into the Chinese market if it means turning over their intellectual property or abetting Beijing’s oppression. But more must follow suit. For example, Google should immediately end development of the 「Dragonfly」 app that will strengthen Communist Party censorship and compromise the privacy of Chinese customers. (Applause.)

我們也很高興看到更多的記者報導真相,無所畏懼也沒有偏袒,深入挖掘中國如果干涉我們的社會及其成因。我們也期望美國和全球新聞媒體將繼續努力。

It’s also great to see more journalists reporting the truth without fear or favor, digging deep to find where China is interfering in our society, and why. And we hope that American and global news organizations will continue to join this effort on an increasing basis.

越來越多的學者也在大聲疾呼捍衛學術自由,越來越多的大學和智庫勇敢拒絕輕易來自中國政府的金錢,他們知道,每一塊錢都會有相應的要求。我們相信這些人的隊伍將會日益壯大。

More scholars are also speaking out forcefully and defending academic freedom, and more universities and think tanks are mustering the courage to turn away Beijing’s easy money, recognizing that every dollar comes with a corresponding demand. And we’re confident that their ranks will grow.

美國全國人民的警覺性都越來越高,他們感謝美國政府的行動,以及川普總統重啟美中經濟和戰略關係的領導能力。美國人民堅定支持一位主張美國優先的總統。

And across the nation, the American people are growing in vigilance, with a newfound appreciation for our administration’s actions and the President’s leadership to reset America’s economic and strategic relationship with China. Americans stand strong behind a President that’s putting America first.

在川普總統的領導下,我可以向你們保證,美國會堅持到底。中國應該知道,美國人民及兩黨的民選官員都已下定決心。

And under President Trump’s leadership, I can assure you, America will stay the course. China should know that the American people and their elected officials in both parties are resolved.

正如我們的國家安全戰略所指出的:我們應該記住,「競爭並不總是意味著敵對」,競爭也不必如此。川普總統已經明確表示,我們希望與北京建立建設性的關係,促進我們的共同的繁榮與安全,而不是分別為之。儘管中國政府繼續偏離此一願景,但中國領導人仍可改弦易轍,回到幾十年前,兩國關係剛開始時的改革開放精神。美國人民別無所求;中國人民則理應得到更多。

As our National Security Strategy states: We should remember that 「Competition does not always mean hostility,」 nor does it have to. The President has made clear, we want a constructive relationship with Beijing where our prosperity and security grow together, not apart. While Beijing has been moving further away from this vision, China’s rulers can still change course and return to the spirit of reform and opening that characterize the beginning of this relationship decades ago. The American people want nothing more; and the Chinese people deserve nothing less.

偉大的中國作家魯迅經常對他的國家發出感嘆,他寫道,「對於異族歷來只有兩樣稱呼,一樣是禽獸,一樣是聖上」,但從沒有說「他同我們也一樣」。(編按:原文的下兩句是「從沒有稱他朋友,說他也同我們一樣的」)今天,美國向中國伸出手。我們希望,北京很快會以行動而不是僅以言詞作為回應,會重新尊重美國。但請放心:我們與中國的關係是建立在公平、對等和尊重我們主權的基礎,在此之前前,我們不會讓步。(掌聲) 

The great Chinese storyteller Lu Xun often lamented that his country, and he wrote, 「has either looked down at foreigners as brutes, or up to them as saints,」 but never 「as equals.」 Today, America is reaching out our hand to China. And we hope that soon, Beijing will reach back with deeds, not words, and with renewed respect for America. But be assured: we will not relent until our relationship with China is grounded in fairness, reciprocity, and respect for our sovereignty. (Applause.)

中國有句古話:「人見目前,天見久遠。」(編按:語出《喻世名言》)當我們繼續前進,讓我們以決心和信念追求和平繁榮的未來。要相信川普總統的領導力和遠見,相信他與中國國家主席建立起的關係。相信美國人民和中國人民之間的持久友誼。相信上天能見之久遠—在上帝的恩典下,美國和中國將共同迎接未來。

There is an ancient Chinese proverb that reads, 「Men see only the present, but heaven sees the future.」 As we go forward, let us pursue a future of peace and prosperity with resolve and faith. Faith in President Trump’s leadership and vision, and the relationship that he has forged with China’s president. Faith in the enduring friendship between the American people and the Chinese people. And Faith that heaven sees the future — and by God’s grace, America and China will meet that future together.

謝謝你們。上帝保佑你們。上帝保佑美利堅合眾國。(掌聲)(推薦閱讀:美軍向中國「秀肌肉」升高敵意 南海對峙是結果恐也是開端

Thank you. God bless you. And God bless the United States of America. (Applause.)

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