「為什麼建一座學校 如此困難？」

演講台上有一個嬌小的身影，戴著亮眼的粉色頭巾，吸引著眾人的目光－她是馬拉拉。

艾瑪華森曾在訪談中問，「為什麼選粉紅色？」，馬拉拉說「因為是我最喜歡的顏色。」艾瑪覺得粉紅色的特色與馬拉拉的個性很相符：害羞又有企圖心，讓世界都能看見她，如紐約時報作家所說「馬拉拉是世界上最亮眼的女孩。(The most visible teenage girl in the world.)」

【Before you start】
馬拉拉‧優素福扎伊 (Malala Yousafzai)
1997年7月12日

• WHO
  

出生於巴基斯坦，名字的意思是「悲慟欲絕」，很多人建議馬拉拉改名，但她父親總是說，「那名字另一個意思是勇敢」。17歲的馬拉拉是有史以來最年經的諾貝爾獎得主。

• WHAT
  

11歲的馬拉拉成為英國BBC的臥底部落客，以筆名「矢車菊」(Gul Makai)將塔利班暴政下的第一手經歷公諸於世。矢車菊的身份曝光，三年後被塔利班(Taliban)殺手槍殺，頭部遭連開三槍，送醫後奇蹟生還。

• HIGHLIGHT
  

槍擊使她左耳失去聽力，微笑時左臉也會有點僵硬，但不減馬拉拉咖啡色眼睛裡的堅定與早熟。此篇諾貝爾授獎演說到最高潮的部分時，全場觀眾為她鼓掌，長達35秒久久不能停止。

【他們認識馬拉拉之後】

艾瑪華森(Emma Waston) － 化言論為行動
Let’s not make it scary to say you’re a feminist. I want to make it a welcoming and inclusive movement.Malala and I are pretty serious about it but we need you.
不要害怕當個女性者義者，我要將它變成一個受歡迎又包容性的運動，我跟馬拉拉都需要你！

歐巴馬(Barack Obama) － 簽署國際女孩日(10/11)
On every continent, there are girls who will go on to change the world in ways we can only imagine, if only we allow them the freedom to dream.
如果只允許女孩們去想像自由，那我們也只能靠想像讓世界變得更好。

比爾蓋茲(Bill Gates) － 全力支持馬拉拉基金會
I suspect the movie will spark a lot of provocative conversations among parents about risk-taking, moral courage, and how we shape our children to stand up for what’s right.
馬拉拉的故事激發了許多父母，更重視教育孩子的特質：冒險、勇氣以及為正義發聲。

【演講的精彩片段】
This award is not just for me. It is for those forgotten children who want education. It is for those frightened children who want peace. It is for those voiceless children who want change. I am here to stand up for their rights, to raise their voice. It is not time to pity them. It is time to take action so it becomes the last time, the last time, that we see a child deprived of education.
這個獎項不只是頒發給我，是給那些渴望被教育，卻被遺忘的孩子，給那些渴望和平，卻飽受恐懼的孩子，以及那些渴望改變，卻無法發聲的孩子。為了爭取他們的權利、為他們發聲，我站在這裡。現在不是可憐他們的時候，該要採取行動了，這會是最後一次，最後一次，我們看到孩子們被剝奪學習的機會。

I had two options. One was to remain silent and wait to be killed, and the second was to speak up and then be killed. I chose t he second one. I decided to speak up. Though I appear as one girl , one person, who is 5 foot 2 inches tall, if you include my high heels. I am not a lone voice, I am not a lone voice, I am many. I am Malala but I am those 66 million girls who are deprived of education, and today I am not raising my voice, it is the voice of those 66 million girls.
我有兩個選擇：一個是保持沉默，坐以待斃；另一個是為理想發聲，然後被殺。我選擇後者，選擇為理想發聲而死。雖然我只是一個女孩，一個身高只有五尺二的人，這還已經包含了高跟鞋的高度。但我並不是一個孤獨的聲音，我代表著眾人的聲音。我是馬拉拉，我也是教育被剝奪的那6600萬個女孩。今天並不是要提高我的聲量，而是要為那6600萬個女孩發聲。

Sometimes people like to ask me why should girls go to school, why is it important for them. But why shouldn’t they have this right to go to school ? Many children, especially in India and Pakistan are deprived of their right to education because of social taboos, or they have been forced into child marriage or into child labour. This is where I will begin, but it is not where I will stop.
有人會問我：「為什麼女孩應該要去上學？為什麼這對她們如此重要？」但我認為更重要的不是「應不應該」，而是為什麼他們「沒有上學的權利」。許多孩童，尤其在印度與巴基斯坦，由於社會禁忌，或是被迫陷入童婚、童工的角色，因而無法接受教育。因此，這是我開始的地方，我也不會僅限於此。

We have already taken many steps. Now it is time to take a leap. Why is it that countries which we call“ strong” are so powerful in creating wars but are so weak in bringing peace? Why is it that giving guns is so easy but giving books is so hard? Why is it, why is it that making tanks is so easy, but building schools is so hard? let us become the first generation that decides to be the last that sees empty classrooms, lost childhoods, and wasted potentials.
我們已經採取了許多步驟，現在是時候跨越更大一步。為什麼一個稱之強大的國家，擁有巨大的力量引起戰爭，卻沒有能力帶來和平？為什麼給槍那麼容易，給一本書卻是如此困難呢？為什麼製造坦克如此容易，建造一座學校卻如此困難？讓我們成為終結這些的第一代，再也不會看到空蕩蕩的教室、失去童年的兒童，以及潛能被埋沒的孩子。

後記：馬拉拉告訴BBC記者「我想他們會後悔對我開槍，因為現在世界都聽到我了。」
“I think they may be regretting that they shot Malala,” she says. “Now she is heard in every corner of the world.”

本文收錄於英語島English Island 2017年6月號