【全球24小時】肯亞4千長頸鹿恐因乾旱亡、韋伯望遠鏡將發射找宜居星球、全球鰻魚40年只剩10%、秘魯耶誕老人搭雲梯車高空送愛

肯亞東北部大旱不止,動物保護區 6隻長頸鹿死亡影像令人心碎,估計有 4000隻長頸鹿面臨生存危機。靈敏度高出哈伯望遠鏡 100倍的韋伯望遠鏡預計於 22日發射升空,將探索宇宙起源奧祕以及是否有適合人類居住的其他星球等。由於水域污染、棲地破壞及過度捕撈等,在地球上已有 7000萬年歷史的鰻魚,如今的數量只有 40年前的 10%,再度敲響保育警鐘。耶誕節處處有溫情,秘魯耶誕老人特別搭乘消防雲梯車,為在高樓中隔離的孩子們送禮物與祝福。Yahoo奇摩新聞推出【全球 24小時】帶你快速瀏覽過去 24小時,世界上發生的大小事。

心碎!肯亞大旱成滅絕性災難 4千長頸鹿恐喪命

MASAI MARA, KENYA - AUGUST 19, 2019 - A small giraffe's group in Masai Mara, Kenya - PHOTOGRAPH BY Ingo Gerlach / Barcroft Media (Photo credit should read Ingo Gerlach / Barcroft Media via Getty Images)
2019年8月一群位於肯亞馬賽馬拉(Masai Mara)的長頸鹿。圖片來源:Getty Images

肯亞東北部今年持續大旱,自今年9月以來降雨不足正常時的1/3,導致糧食與水源極度缺乏,在瓦吉爾(Wajir)的薩布里野生動物保護區(Sabuli Wildlife Conservancy)更傳出令人心碎的影像,6隻形體消瘦的長頸鹿交織倒在泥地上而亡;據報導,長頸鹿們試圖從乾涸的水庫想要喝水時,被困在泥巴裡後死亡,而動物屍體隨後被轉移,以防止水庫遭污染。

Yahoo奇摩提醒您:
以下新聞畫面可能會帶給特定觀眾不安情緒或不適感受,請謹慎觀看。





WAJIR COUNTY, KENYA - DECEMBER 10: (Editors note: Image contains graphic content) In this aerial view, the bodies of six giraffes lie on the outskirts of Eyrib village in Sabuli Wildlife Conservancy on December 10, 2021 in Wajir County, Kenya. The giraffes, weak from lack of food and water, died after they got stuck in mud as they tried to drink from a nearly dried-up reservoir nearby. They were moved to this location to prevent contamination of the reservoir water. A prolonged drought in the country's north east has created food and water shortages, pushing pastoralist communities and their livestock to the brink. The area has received less than a third of normal rainfall since September. (Photo by Ed Ram/Getty Images)
10日空拍照片顯示,肯亞薩布里野生動物保護區6隻長頸鹿因乾旱而死亡。圖片來源:Getty Images
WAJIR COUNTY, KENYA - DECEMBER 10: (Editors note: Image contains graphic content) A pastoralist gestures at dead goats that lie on the outskirts of Eyrib village on December 10, 2021 in Wajir County, Kenya. A prolonged drought in the country's north east has created food and water shortages, pushing pastoralist communities and their livestock to the brink. The area has received less than a third of normal rainfall since September. (Photo by Ed Ram/Getty Images)
肯亞東北部10日遍地山羊屍體。圖片來源:REUTERS

面臨危險的不只是動物,肯亞已在9月宣布乾旱為全國性災難,並估計將有210萬民眾受到衝擊,但另一方面,部分地區卻遭遇幾十年來最嚴重的大雨,聯合國14日表示,肯亞約有290萬人需要緊急援助。而越來越多的野生動物從棲地遷移至人類社區,亦加劇人類與動物間的衝突;當地媒體報導,估計有4000隻長頸鹿因乾旱威脅面臨喪命危機,情況惡化的原因之一,在於民眾沿河岸耕作,導致野生動物無法接近水源,目前當務之急為幫野生動物們開闢專用水源地。

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韋伯太空望遠鏡將發射 看清135億年宇宙起源

The Sunshield test unit to be used on NASA's James Webb Space Telescope is stacked and expanded at a cleanroom in the Northrop Grumman facility in Redondo Beach, California, in this NASA handout picture released July 25, 2014.  The Sunshield separates the observatory into a warm sun-facing side and a cold side where the sunshine is blocked from interfering with the sensitive infrared instruments.   REUTERS/NASA/Chris Gunn/Handout   (UNITED STATES - Tags: SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY)  ATTENTION EDITORS - THIS PICTURE WAS PROVIDED BY A THIRD PARTY. REUTERS IS UNABLE TO INDEPENDENTLY VERIFY THE AUTHENTICITY, CONTENT, LOCATION OR DATE OF THIS IMAGE. THIS PICTURE IS DISTRIBUTED EXACTLY AS RECEIVED BY REUTERS, AS A SERVICE TO CLIENTS. FOR EDITORIAL USE ONLY. NOT FOR SALE FOR MARKETING OR ADVERTISING CAMPAIGNS
2014年7月NASA在加州展示韋伯太空望遠鏡使用的太陽光遮罩。圖片來源:REUTERS

備受矚目的韋伯太空望遠鏡(James Webb Space Telescope , JWST)預計於22日在法屬圭亞那發射,有望開啟太空探索新時代,其任務包括了解135億年前宇宙起源、恆星的形成以及是否有適合人類居住的其他星球等。其靈敏度比哈伯太空望遠鏡(Hubble Space Telescope)高出100倍,該計畫負責科學家之一龐托皮丹 (Klaus Pontoppidan) 興奮表示,「我們將踏上這驚人的發現之旅,韋伯望遠鏡擁有幫助我們了解未知的力量...大自然常會帶給我們驚喜。」

NASA workers look up at the James Webb Space Telescope Mirror during it's media reveal at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center at Greenbelt, Maryland, U.S., November 2,  2016. REUTERS/Kevin Lamarque
2016年2月韋伯太空望遠鏡在馬里蘭州正式舉行揭幕儀式。圖片來源:REUTERS

望遠鏡由美、加及歐洲太空機構合作,加上營運費用耗資達96.6億美元(約新台幣2688億元),原本預計2011年就要升空,但成本不斷推高,發射時間也一再延遲。韋伯主要技術為透過紅外線觀察宇宙,發射後將在1個月的時間將航行160萬公里,部署到超越月球、比哈伯更遠的軌道。

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地球生活7000萬年 棲地破壞、過度捕撈 鰻魚數量40年剩10%

This picture taken on October 25, 2021 shows eels in a tank at the Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency in a suburb of Minamiizu, Shizuoka prefecture. Consumed worldwide, eel is particularly popular in Asia, and perhaps nowhere more so than Japan, where remains found in tombs show it has been eaten on the archipelago for thousands of years.


 - TO GO WITH AFP STORY JAPAN-FOOD-ENVIRONMENT-EEL,FEATURE BY MATHIAS CENA
 / AFP / Behrouz MEHRI / TO GO WITH AFP STORY JAPAN-FOOD-ENVIRONMENT-EEL,FEATURE BY MATHIAS CENA
10月25日在靜岡的日本魚類研究與教育機構,2條鰻魚在魚缸內悠遊。圖片來源:AFP

在地球上生活了7000萬年的鰻魚,如今面臨滅絕風險,由於水域污染、棲地遭破壞以及人類捕撈等,其數量僅有40年前的10%,再度敲響生存警鐘。鰻魚在亞洲雖被視為美食遭過度捕撈,但更重要的是殺蟲劑、藥物、塑膠等污染水域,影響鰻魚繁殖力,以及棲地破壞,如歐洲鰻魚生存的濕地有3/4被排乾,使一度數量「過多」被視為害蟲的鰻魚數量急劇下降。

This picture taken on October 25, 2021 shows eel larvae at the Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency in a suburb of Minamiizu, Shizuoka prefecture. Consumed worldwide, eel is particularly popular in Asia, and perhaps nowhere more so than Japan, where remains found in tombs show it has been eaten on the archipelago for thousands of years.


 - TO GO WITH AFP STORY JAPAN-FOOD-ENVIRONMENT-EEL,FEATURE BY MATHIAS CENA
 / AFP / Behrouz MEHRI / TO GO WITH AFP STORY JAPAN-FOOD-ENVIRONMENT-EEL,FEATURE BY MATHIAS CENA
幼年鰻魚身體扁平透明。圖片來源:AFP

歐洲鰻魚在「國際自然保護聯盟」(International Union for Conservation of Nature)屬極度瀕危名單,日本及美國的鰻魚種也僅落後一個類別;鰻魚幾乎無法在人工圈養的環境下自然繁殖,而幫鰻魚人工授精極其昂貴,且鰻魚在圈養下生長也較慢。如今亞洲多國包括台灣在內實施配額捕撈,科學家也協助轉移幼鰻至數量較少的地區,另外還要加強棲地保護。

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溫馨時刻 秘魯耶誕老人搭雲梯車送暖肺炎病童

Paul Heinz Suarez Gamarra, locally known as the Peruvian Santa Claus, stands in a ladder basket of  the local volunteer firefighter brigade, as he hands out presents to young coronavirus disease (COVID-19) patients at a hospital, in Lima, Peru December 14, 2021. REUTERS/Sebastian Castaneda
秘魯耶誕老人14日在利馬為隔離中的孩子發放耶誕禮物。圖片來源:REUTERS

耶誕節將至,全球各地仍有許多民眾因新冠肺炎持續隔離治療,秘魯一名耶誕老人14日搭乘消防雲梯車,並站在採摘櫻桃用的桶子內,隔空給隔離中的孩子與家人們贈送禮物與祝福。這些家庭被安置在名為「村莊」的高樓建築中,負責人奧里安多(Juan Oriundo)表示,「這是隔離區域,不能直接進入,但耶誕老人與消防隊提供了一個解決方案。」耶誕老人蘇亞雷斯(Paul Suarez)靠近窗戶送孩子禮物,讓他們感受過節氣氛,建築外的工作人員則發出歡呼;他說,「重要的是你得到的愛。」表示他雖然不是孩子們真正的家人,但卻能接收孩子們的喜悅與愛,非常重要也令人感動。

Paul Heinz Suarez Gamarra, locally known as the Peruvian Santa Claus, waves before getting a lift  from the local volunteer firefighter brigade, before handing out presents to young coronavirus disease (COVID-19) patients at a hospital, in Lima, Peru December 14, 2021. REUTERS/Sebastian Castaneda
秘魯耶誕老人蘇亞雷斯(Paul Suarez)準備出發前開心揮手致意。圖片來源:REUTERS

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